P-DTR® Foundations Curriculum
Module 1
INTRODUCTION
-
What is P-DTR?
- Origins
- How does it work?
-
What does it treat?
- Software vs. Hardware analogy
- Core Principles of P-DTR
- Receptor classes
-
Proprioception
- Exteroception
- Interoception
-
Myotatic Stretch Reflex
- Autogenic excitation
- Reciprocal inhibition
- Gamma motor neurons
-
Deep Tendon Reflex
- Technique
- Location of DTR’s and corresponding nerve roots
- Superficial reflexes
-
Paired Receptor Model
-
Components
- Primary
- Main Secondary
- Virtual Secondary
- Tertiary
-
Components
RULES OF P-DTR
- Application of muscle testing to P-DTR
-
Therapy Localization
-
What is TL?
- Sensory and motor homunculi
- What does TL do?
- How is it used?
-
What is TL?
-
Muscle Testing Outcomes
- Facilitated
- Inhibited
-
Neurologic Switching
- Normal autogenic responses to X and II’s
-
Hypertonicity
- Global Hypertonicity
-
Receptor rules
- Stimulus
- Opposite stimulus
- Anti-stimulus
- TL rules
- DTR rules
- Tertiary rules
-
Modes of Dysfunctions
-
Classifications
- Basic mode
- Multi modes
- Hyper modes
- Frequency of Firing
-
Classifications
-
Rules of Indicator Muscles
- Qualifying a valid indicator muscle
- Universal Therapy Localization
- Double Therapy Localization
MUSCLE SPINDLE CELL DYSFUNCTIONS
-
Intrafusal muscle fibers
- Nuclear bag fibers
- Nuclear chain fibers
-
Classes of stimuli
- Proper stimulus
- Opposite stimulus
-
Anti-stimulus
- Regional Hypertonicity
- Local Hypertonicity
-
Assessment and Treatment Protocol
- History
- Observation
- Palpation and orthopedic testing
- Normal autogenic responses
- Muscle testing
- P-DTR treatment
-
Reactor/Reactive
- Location of reactor and reactive
- Proper stimulus
- Options for treatment
SINGLE TRAUMATIC EVENTS
- Indications
- Testing
- Treatment
NOCIOCEPTION
- Fast pain vs. slow pain
-
Excitatory stimuli
- Mechanical stimuli
- Thermal stimuli
- Chemical stimuli
- Peripheral nociceptive fibers
- “Double” system of pain innervation
-
Dual nociceptive pathways
- Neospinothalamic tract
- Paleospinothalamic tract
-
Dual nociceptive neurotransmitters
- Glutamate
- Substance P
-
Nociceptive Inhibition Patterns
- Nociceptive Withdrawal Reflex/Flexor Reflex Afferent
- PMRF
- Extrapyramidal Inhibition Pattern
- Thalamic Inhibition Pattern
- Gate Control Theory of Pain
NEUROGAIT II
-
Location of Nerve Endings
- Type I Golgi
- Type II Golgi
- Type III Golgi
- Type IV Golgi
-
Rules of muscles
- Flexor stretching rule
- Extensor stretching rule
-
Ligaments
- Golden rules of ligament testing
- Ligament physiology
-
Rules of ligaments
- Limb rotation during gait
- Nutrition for ligaments
- Rules of Joint Capsules
- Joint Capsule Golgis vs. Non-Joint Capsule Golgis
- Rules of Joint Hyaline Cartilage
- Rules of Joint Fibro Cartilage
-
Rules of the Spinal Ligaments
- Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
- Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
- Supraspinous Ligament
- Interspinous Ligament
- Ligamentum Flavum
- Intertransverse Ligament
- Rules of the Talus
- Rules of the hyoid, earlobes, nose, and lips
Module 2
NEUROGAIT II CONTINUED
-
Ligament Palpation and Muscle/Ligament Relationships
- Pelvic ligaments
- Hip ligaments
- Knee ligaments
- Ankle/foot ligaments
- Sternal and clavicular ligaments
- Shoulder ligaments
- Elbow/wrist ligaments
- Organ suspension ligaments
- Rules of bones
NEUROGAIT I
-
Gait: Types of Sensory Input
- Effect of stepping rate in stance and swing phases
- Automatic gait
- Cerebellum and gait
-
Gait phases
- Phase 1: Initial contact
- Phase 2: Loading response
- Phase 3: Mid stance
- Phase 4: Terminal stance
- Phase 5: Pre-swing
- Phase 6: Initial swing
- Phase 7: Mid swing
- Phase 8: Terminal swing
-
Mechanical breakdown of stance phase
- Chopart joint
- Lisfrank joint
-
Foot divisions
- Talar foot
- Calcaneal foot
-
Joint ligaments and involved muscles
- Talonavicular joint ligaments
- Cuneonavicular joint ligaments
- Calcaneocuboid joint ligaments
- Talocalcaneal/subtalar joint ligaments
- Interphalangeal joint of the 1st toe ligaments
- Tibiotalar joint ligaments
- Metatarsophalangeal joint of the 1st toe ligaments
- Metatarsophalangeal joint of the 2nd toe ligaments
- Metatarsophalangeal joint of the 3rd toe ligaments
- Metatarsophalangeal joint of the 4th toe ligaments
- Metatarsophalangeal joint of the 5th toe ligaments
- Anterior tibiotalar deltoid ligament
- Tibionavicular deltoid ligament
- Posterior tibiocalcaneal deltoid ligament
- Posterior tibiotalar deltoid ligament
- Anterior talofibular ligament
- Calcaneofibular ligament
- Posterior talofibular ligament
GAIT INHIBITION
- Background
- Symptoms
- Testing procedure
- Inhibition patterns
-
Treatment
- Forward gait
- Backward gait
- Iliolumbar ligament
PALO-ALTO
- Background
-
Testing procedure
- Posterior
- Anterior
- Lateral
- Oblique
- Adductor
- K1
PiLUS
-
Background
- Hypothesis of Illi
- Hypothesis of Kapandji
- Location of receptors
- Symptoms
- Testing procedure
- Treatment
PELVIC CATEGORIES
-
Pelvic category I
- Location of receptors
- Symptoms and presentation
- Related muscles
- Treatment
-
Pelvic category II posterior ilium
- Location of receptors
- Symptoms and presentation
- Related muscles
- Treatment
-
Pelvic category II posterior ischium
- Location of receptors
- Symptoms and presentation
- Related muscles
- Treatment
-
Pelvic category II symphysis pubis
- Location of receptors
- Symptoms and presentation
- Related muscles
- Treatment
-
Pelvic category III
- Location of receptors
- Symptoms and presentation
- Related muscles
- Treatment
-
Sacral distortion
- Location of receptors
- Symptoms and presentation
- Related muscles
- Treatment
GOLGI ORGAN DYSFUNCTIONS
-
Golgi-golgi dysfunctions
- Location of receptors
-
Pathways
- Spinocerebellar Pathway
- Dorsal Column Medial Lemniscus
-
Joint capsule golgis vs. non-joint capsule golgis
- Normal vs. dysfunctional responses
- TS Line and golgi dysfunctions
-
Golgi-pacini dysfunctions
- Pacinian corpuscles
-
Differentiating golgis vs. pacinis
- Rules and application of “rebound”
- Determining golgi-golgi pairs vs. golgi-pacini pairs
PRESSURE AND VIBRATION DYSFUNCTIONS
- Pacinian corpuscles
-
Vibratory receptors
-
Ruffini endings
- Frequency
- Location
-
Meissner’s corpuscles
- Frequency
- Location
-
Krause’s corpuscles
- Frequency
- Location
-
Ruffini endings
-
Use of tuning forks
-
Universal vibratory challenge
- Locations
- Rules of universal vibratory points
-
Universal vibratory challenge
CLOACAL SYNCHRONIZATION
-
Equilibrium reflex synchronization
-
Labrynthine reflex
- Symptoms
- Location
-
Head-on-neck reflex
- Symptoms
- Location
-
Visual righting reflex
- Symptoms
- Location
-
Anterior pelvic reflexes
- Symptoms
- Location
-
Posterior pelvic reflexes
- Symptoms
- Location
-
Labrynthine reflex
-
Appositional testing
- Flexion tests for anterior reflexes
- Extension tests for posterior reflexes
- Treatment
LONG KINEMATIC CHAINS
-
The Science of Mechanics
- Statics
- Dynamics
- Kinematics
- Kinetics
- Mechanisms vs. Structures
-
Long Kinematic Chains
- Open Kinematic Chain
- Closed Kinematic Chain
- Dynamic Kinematic Chain Testing
- Rules of Long Kinematic Chains
- Common locations
Module 3
THERMAL NOCIOCEPTION
-
Three types of thermal receptors
- Cold receptors
- Warm receptors
- Nocioceptive stimuli
-
Cold receptors
- Fiber type
- Pathway
- Stimulation
- Symptoms
- Inhibition pattern
- Treatment
-
Warm receptors
- Fiber type
- Pathway
- Stimulation
- Symptoms
- Inhibition pattern
- Treatment
TICKLE AND ITCH
-
Tickle
- Fiber type
- Pathway
- Stimulation
- Symptoms
- Inhibition pattern
- Treatment
-
Itch
- Fiber type
- Pathway
- Stimulation
- Symptoms
- Inhibition pattern
- Treatment
FINE AND CRUDE TOUCH
-
Fine touch
- Meissner’s corpuscles
-
Merkel’s discs
- Iggo dome receptors
- Fiber type
- Pathway
- Stimulation
- Symptoms
- Inhibition pattern
- Treatment
-
Crude touch
- Fiber type
- Pathway
- Stimulation
- Symptoms
- Inhibition pattern
- Treatment
VERTEBRAL FIXATION AND LIMBIC FIXATION
- What is a spinal fixation?
-
Occipital fixation
- Use of therapy localization
- Testing
- Treatment
-
Sacral fixation
- Use of therapy localization
- Testing
- Treatment
-
Vertebral fixation
- Use of therapy localization
- Testing
- Treatment
-
Limbic fixation
- Location
- Use of therapy localization
- Testing
- Treatment
JOINT POSITION PROPRIOCEPTORS
-
Joint position sense
-
Conscious joint position
- Pathway
- Symptoms
- Treatment
-
Unconscious joint position
- Pathway
- Symptoms
- Treatment
-
Conscious joint position
SPINOTHALAMIC DYSFUNCTIONS
-
Ascending sensory systems
-
Anterolateral system
- Spinotectal
- Spinomesencephalic
- Spinohypothalamic
- Spinoreticular (Paleo)
- Spinothalamic (Neo)
-
Dorsal column medial lemnical pathway
- Fasiculus gracilis
- Fasiculus cuneatus
- Medial lemniscus
-
Somatosensory pathways to the cerebellum
- Spinocerebellar tracts
- Cuenocerebellar tracts
-
Anterolateral system
- 1 st, 2nd, and 3rd order neurons
-
Spinothalamic dysfunctions
-
Spinotectal
- Course
- Function
- Stimulus
-
Spinomesencephalic
- Course
- Function
- Stimulus
-
Spinohypothalamic
- Course
- Function
- Stimulus
-
Spinoreticular (Paleo)
- Course
- Function
- Stimulus
-
Spinothalamic (Neo)
- Course
- Function
- Stimulus
-
Spinotectal
ADRENALS
-
Histology
- Location
-
Structure
-
Medulla
-
Chromaffin cells
- Catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline)
-
Chromaffin cells
-
Cortex
-
Glomerulose zone
- Mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)
-
Fasiculata zone
- Glucocorticoids (cortisol)
-
Reticularis zone
- Androgens (DHEA and DHEA-S)
- Estrogens
-
Glomerulose zone
-
Medulla
- Blood supply
-
Function
- Maintaining metabolic processes
- Regulate balance of salt and water
- Control “flight or fight” response to stress
- Maintaining pregnancy
- Initiating and controlling sexual maturation during childhood and puberty
-
Synthesis of corticosteroid hormones in cortex
- Cortisol
- Corticosterone
- Androgens
- Aldosterone
-
Metabolism
- Role of cholesterol
-
Hormones of the adrenal cortex
- Glucocorticoids
- Mineralcorticoids
- Androgens
-
Adrenal pathology
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Addison’s disease
-
General Adaptation Syndrome
-
Categories of stress
- Physical stress
- Chemical stress
- Emotional stress
- Thermal stress
-
Stages of GAS model
- Alarm reaction
- Resistance stage
- Exhaustion stage
-
Triad of chronic stress
- Adrenal cortex enlargement
- Atrophy of thymus gland and lymphatic tissues
- Stomach and duodenal ulcers
- Symptoms of adrenal stress
- Signs of adrenal stress
-
Relationship of DHEA to cortisol
- Pregnenolone steal/cortisol escape
-
Categories of stress
- Treatment
MERIDIAN DYSFUNCTIONS
-
Meridian electromagnetic dysfunctions background
- Meridians vs. Reactor/Reactives
- Meridian alarm points
- Meridian associated muscles
- Over vs. Under meridians
- Meridian dysfunction classifications
- Hand/finger polarity
- Signs and symptoms
-
Common cycles
- Outer sheng
- Inner sheng
- Elemental
- Ko
- 24 hour
- Diagnosis
-
Treatment
- Primary and secondary meridians
- Associated points along bladder meridian
EMOTIONAL FAULTS
- Triad of health
-
Fast emotional corrections
- Memory recall fast correction technique
- Emotional stress reduction technique
- Localization, quality memory
-
Psychological reversal
- Qualification
- Treatment
- Nutrition
-
Full emotional correction
- Neurolinguistic programming eye vectors
- Visceral referred pain patterns
- Treatment
STOMATOGNATHIC DYSFUNCTIONS
-
Stomatognathic dysfunctions
- Cranial faults
- Cranial sutures
- Sacral dysfunction
- TMJ dysfunction
- Hyoid
- Neurologic tooth
-
Cranial motion
- Sphenoid bones
- Occiput
- Temporal bones
- Frontal bone
- Parietal bones
-
Cranial faults
- Inspiration assist
- Expiration assist
- Sphenobasilar inspiration assist
- Sphenobasilar expiration assist
- Glabella
-
“Banana head”
- Temporal bulge
- Parietal descent
- Internal frontal
- External frontal
- Nasosphenoid
- Universal
-
Sutural cranial faults
- Sagittal suture
- Squamosal suture
- Lambdoidal suture
- Zygomatic sutures
- Palatine suture
-
Sacral dysfunction
- Sacral respiratory function
-
Sacral faults
- Sacral inspiration assist
- Sacral expiration assist
-
Sacral wobble
- Inspiration assist
- Expiration assist
-
Atlanto-occipital countertorque
- Inspiration assist
- Expiration assist
-
TMJ anatomy
- Muscles of mastication and mandibular movement
- Assessment and testing
-
Hyoid anatomy
- Muscles of the hyoid
- Assessment and testing
-
Neurologic tooth
- Background
- Indications
- Challenge and manipulation of teeth
- Nutrition